المنطق والفلسفة

خلاصة المنطق

عدد القراءة: 1٬339

klasaalhkmaalaheacvr - مكتبة الإمام موسى الكاظم (عليه السلام)

خلاصة المنطق

المؤلف: العلامة عبدالهادي الفضلي

قراءة تحميل

انتظر قليلاً حتى يتم فتح الكتاب كاملاً

إضغط على الأسهم في الأسفل للتنقل بين الصفحات

View Fullscreen

img:is([sizes="auto" i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px;}img.wp-smiley,img.emoji{display:inline !important;border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;height:1em !important;width:1em !important;margin:0 .07em !important;vertical-align:-.1em !important;background:none !important;padding:0 !important;}:root{--wp-admin-theme-color:#007cba;--wp-admin-theme-color--rgb:0,124,186;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10:#006ba1;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb:0,107,161;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20:#005a87;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb:0,90,135;--wp-admin-border-width-focus:2px;--wp-block-synced-color:#7a00df;--wp-block-synced-color--rgb:122,0,223;--wp-bound-block-color:var(--wp-block-synced-color);}@media (min-resolution:192dpi){:root{--wp-admin-border-width-focus:1.5px;}}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer;}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px;}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee;}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131;}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee;}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131;}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3);}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe);}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec);}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671);}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59);}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf);}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc);}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em;}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em;}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal);}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge);}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center;}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left;}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right;}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none;}.aligncenter{clear:both;}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start;}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center;}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end;}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between;}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal !important;}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto !important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000;}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid;}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid;}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%;}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em;}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px);}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px;}}:root{--primary-color:#227b58;--fs-color-primary:#227b58;--fs-color-secondary:#db5423;--fs-color-success:#7a9c59;--fs-color-alert:#b20000;--fs-experimental-link-color:#b0741b;--fs-experimental-link-color-hover:#111;}.tooltipster-base{--tooltip-color:#fff;--tooltip-bg-color:#000;}.off-canvas-right .mfp-content,.off-canvas-left .mfp-content{--drawer-width:300px;}html{background-image:url("https://cdn-ilahjal.nitrocdn.com/xiSRphfEfcGePAZPosuWurHZRovkUPnt/assets/images/optimized/rev-1379364/usercontent.one/wp/www.imamkadhim.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/back-small1.jpg");}html.nitro-lazy{background-image:none !important;}html{}.sticky-add-to-cart--active,#wrapper,#main,#main.dark{background-color:#fcfcfc;}.header-main{height:170px;}#logo img{max-height:170px;}#logo{width:277px;}#logo img{padding:10px 0;}.header-bottom{min-height:10px;}.header-top{min-height:30px;}.transparent .header-main{height:30px;}.transparent #logo img{max-height:30px;}.has-transparent + .page-title:first-of-type,.has-transparent + #main > .page-title,.has-transparent + #main > div > .page-title,.has-transparent + #main .page-header-wrapper:first-of-type .page-title{padding-top:80px;}.transparent .header-wrapper{background-color:#abd7c7 !important;}.transparent .top-divider{display:none;}.header.show-on-scroll,.stuck .header-main{height:70px !important;}.stuck #logo img{max-height:70px !important;}.header-bg-color{background-color:#abd7c7;}.header-bottom{background-color:#f1f1f1;}.top-bar-nav > li > a{line-height:16px;}.stuck .header-main .nav > li > a{line-height:50px;}.header-bottom-nav > li > a{line-height:32px;}@media (max-width: 549px){.header-main{height:96px;}#logo img{max-height:96px;}}.header-top{background-color:#2d8865 !important;}body{color:#0a0a0a;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,.heading-font{color:#227b58;}body{font-size:100%;}@media screen and (max-width: 549px){body{font-size:100%;}}body{font-family:Cairo,sans-serif;}body{font-weight:400;font-style:normal;}.nav > li > a{font-family:Almarai,sans-serif;}.mobile-sidebar-levels-2 .nav > li > ul > li > a{font-family:Almarai,sans-serif;}.nav > li > a,.mobile-sidebar-levels-2 .nav > li > ul > li > a{font-weight:700;font-style:normal;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,.heading-font,.off-canvas-center .nav-sidebar.nav-vertical > li > a{font-family:Almarai,sans-serif;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,.heading-font,.banner h1,.banner h2{font-weight:700;font-style:normal;}.alt-font{font-family:"Dancing Script",sans-serif;}.alt-font{font-weight:400 !important;font-style:normal !important;}.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li > a{color:#217c5b;}.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li > a:hover,.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li.active > a,.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li.current > a,.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li > a.active,.header:not(.transparent) .header-bottom-nav.nav > li > a.current{color:#217c5b;}.header-bottom-nav.nav-line-bottom > li > a:before,.header-bottom-nav.nav-line-grow > li > a:before,.header-bottom-nav.nav-line > li > a:before,.header-bottom-nav.nav-box > li > a:hover,.header-bottom-nav.nav-box > li.active > a,.header-bottom-nav.nav-pills > li > a:hover,.header-bottom-nav.nav-pills > li.active > a{color:#fff !important;background-color:#217c5b;}.absolute-footer,html{background-color:#000;}.nav-vertical-fly-out > li + li{border-top-width:1px;border-top-style:solid;}@media (max-width: 549px){#logo{max-width:200px;}.nav > li > a{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;}.article-inner.has-shadow .entry-content{padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;}.row .section{padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px;}.medium-logo-center .logo{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:3;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;text-align:center;margin:0 0px;}#post-list{max-width:100%;}.article-inner.has-shadow .entry-content{padding-left:1.5em;padding-right:1.5em;}.navigation-post{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}.image-cover{min-height:500px;}.mainpage .image-cover{max-height:200px;min-height:50px;}.icon-angle-down{display:none !important;}li.current-dropdown>.nav-dropdown{right:-100px;}}.label-new.menu-item > a:after{content:"جديد";}.label-hot.menu-item > a:after{content:"رائج";}.label-sale.menu-item > a:after{content:"تخفيض";}.label-popular.menu-item > a:after{content:"شعبي";}a,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,span.widget-title{letter-spacing:-.4px !important;}.tag-label{background-color:green;}#wpsvccount{display:none;}.text-left .button:first-of-type{display:none;}footer.entry-meta,.posted-on,.byline{display:none;}.text-left{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}.type-post{border:solid 1px grey;}#post-list .entry-content{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}.box-image img{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:lightgray;}.image-cover{height:330px;}.page-title{text-align:right;}.mohathab p{background-color:#7a9c59;color:white;padding:7px;font-weight:bold;}#image_2047683569{width:100%;}#gap-289709275{padding-top:30px;}#col-1493526866 > .col-inner{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}#section_1216954886{padding-top:59px;padding-bottom:59px;min-height:300px;background-color:#f0f0f0;}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--primary:#227b58;--wp--preset--color--secondary:#db5423;--wp--preset--color--success:#7a9c59;--wp--preset--color--alert:#b20000;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:where(body){margin:0;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft{float:left;margin-right:2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignright{float:right;margin-left:2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter{justify-content:center;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin:0;}body .is-layout-grid{display:grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin:0;}body{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration:none;}:root :where(.wp-element-button,.wp-block-button__link){background-color:#32373c;border-width:0;color:#fff;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none;}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-secondary-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--secondary) !important;}.has-success-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--success) !important;}.has-alert-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--alert) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-secondary-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--secondary) !important;}.has-success-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--success) !important;}.has-alert-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--alert) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-secondary-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--secondary) !important;}.has-success-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--success) !important;}.has-alert-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--alert) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}